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The Scientific Method and Introspection of PlagueHistory Research

Fu Youfeng

Strategic Study of CAE 2007, Volume 9, Issue 9,   Pages 19-29

Abstract:

In the last 20 years of the 19th century, plague prevailed in the world.  During this period,  Dijkman Christiaan,  the Nobel Physiology and Medicine Prize owner,  discovered "beriberi" .  The Chinese specialists Wu Cunfu and Luo Rulan wrote the composition named "Collection of the Plague" .  And the famous scholar Yorsinia discovered the plague bacillus.  This article aimed to find out the influence of the foregoing findings in the academic circle.  The author further demonstrates the identity of historical beriberi and the plague,  and also demonstrates the inner connection between the plague in Chinese Ming and Qing dynasties and that in the period of Edo and Meiji of Japan.  The author also analyzes the macro- integrity and micro-regression.  Combining the suspicions in the medical history concerning the Chinese and English Encyclopedia,  the author gives out his own explanation of the scientific research measures and the complexity of the Chinese Medicine.

Keywords： history     the plague history of Japan     beriberi     medical methodology     complexity     Dijkman Christiaan     LiaoYuqun    

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The development of pollution control technology in coal combustion in China

XU Xuchang, ZHANG Hu, ZHUO Yuqun, TONG Huiling, WANG Shujuan, LI Yan

Frontiers in Energy 2007, Volume 1, Issue 1,   Pages 9-15 doi: 10.1007/s11708-007-0002-1

Abstract: The recent development of coal combustion pollution control technologies in China, including desulphurization, denitrification, particulate matters and heavy metals emission control technologies, have been reviewed. The development histories and the advantages of China s self-developed technologies have been introduced in detail. The key points of future research and development in coal combustion pollution control, e.g., combined emission control and CO emission control technologies, have also been discussed.

Keywords： development     CO emission     desulphurization     future research     emission    

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Feasibility study on simultaneous removal of sulfur and trace selenium in the MTD-FGD reactor

LI Yuzhong, TONG Huiling, ZHUO Yuqun, LI Yan, CHEN Changhe, XU Xuchang

Frontiers in Energy 2007, Volume 1, Issue 3,   Pages 259-263 doi: 10.1007/s11708-007-0036-4

Abstract: This study deals with the simultaneous removal of sulfur dioxide (SO) and trace selenium dioxide (SeO) from flue gas by calcium oxide (CaO) adsorption in the moderate temperature range, especially the feasibility of simultaneous removal of these two pollutants in a moderate temperature dry flue gas desulfurization (MTD-FGD) reactor. The effect of SO presence on selenium capture is studied through the experiments performed on a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) and the following conclusions can be obtained. When CaO conversion is relatively low and the reaction rate is controlled by chemical reaction kinetics, the SO presence does not affect selenium capture. When CaO conversion is very high and the reaction rate is controlled by product layer diffusion, the SO presence and the product layer diffusion resistance jointly reduce selenium capture. Through analyses of some pilot scale MTD-FGD tests, it can be concluded that in the MTD-FGD reactor, the sulfate reaction of sorbent particles is generally kinetically controlled. Therefore, it is feasible that sulfur and trace selenium can be simultaneously removed by Ca-based sorbent in the MTD-FGD reactor.

Keywords： Ca-based sorbent     product     feasibility     thermogravimetric analyzer     simultaneous removal    

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Multi-scale evaluation of river health in Liao River Basin, China

Fei XU, Yanwei ZHAO, Zhifeng YANG, Yuan ZHANG

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2011, Volume 5, Issue 2,   Pages 227-235 doi: 10.1007/s11783-010-0219-9

Abstract: index system divided among these three scales to characterize the health of river ecosystems in China’s LiaoThe evaluation results indicated that the rivers in the western and eastern zones of the Liao River wereclassified as sick, and rivers in the main stream of the Liao and Huntai rivers were classified as unhealthy

Keywords： multi-scale characterization     river health evaluation     Liao River Basin     set pair analysis    

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Grazing incidence polarized light imaging of footwear prints Regular Article

Xin-yi Bi, Rui-fang Han, Ran Liao, Wu-sheng Feng, Da Li, Xue-jie Zhang, Hui Ma,liao.ran@sz.tsinghua.edu.cn

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2019, Volume 20, Issue 11,   Pages 1543-1550 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1800383

Abstract: Footwear prints are important evidence in criminal investigation. They represent changes in the surface morphology due to disturbance to fine distributions. Existing non-contact optical detection methods usually measure the light intensity contrasts between the footwear prints and the ground, which can be enhanced by grazing incident illumination. We take images of footwear prints on different types of floors using a commercial single lens reflex color camera. Results show that adding linear polarizers in front of the camera lens and light source improves the contrast of footwear print images. The best contrasts are achieved in degree of linear . In addition, the three-color channels of the camera can be used to examine the spectral features of the images. According to the experimental results, the best contrast is obtained at the blue channel. The current work shows that grazing incidence polarized light imaging can effectively enhance the contrast of the footwear prints against the floors, which would help obtain footwear evidence in criminal investigation.

Keywords： 偏振；图像增强；散射；粒子    

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Experimental study of the influence of acid wash on cellulose pyrolysis

WANG Shurong, LIU Qian, LUO Zhongyang, CEN Kefa, LIAO Yanfen

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2007, Volume 1, Issue 1,   Pages 35-39 doi: 10.1007/s11705-007-0007-7

Abstract: The analysis of microstructure and polymerization degree showed that acid wash altered the cellulose morphology and decreased the polymerization degree significantly. A series of experiments were done to study the effect of acid wash on cellulose rapid pyrolysis. Experimental results showed that under acid pretreatment, the yield of bio-oil decreased while the production of gas and char increased. With an increase in acid concentration, this trend would be further enhanced. Sulphuric acid limited the formation of bio-oil more effectively than hydrochloric acid and phosphoric acid. According to the GC-MS analysis of bio-oil, high-concentration acid wash restrained the formation of levoglucosan by catalyzing dehydration process and cross linking reaction.
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Diagnostic criteria of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA): a review and reflection

Yu Liao, Yufei Xiang, Zhiguang Zhou

Frontiers of Medicine 2012, Volume 6, Issue 3,   Pages 243-247 doi: 10.1007/s11684-012-0201-y

Abstract: Diabetes has become a major public health problem in China nowadays. There are almost 97 million diabetic patients nationwide. Latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) is a subtype of autoimmune diabetes. Although it has been reported for about 20 years, the diagnostic criteria of this disease remain controversial. The discussion mainly focused on serum autoantibodies, period of insulin need and age of diagnosis. Besides, β cell function, metabolic parameters, genetic factors and cell immunity may also contribute to the formulation of the criteria. Here, we aim to review and discuss the diagnostic criteria of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults.

Keywords： LADA     diagnostic criteria     autoantibodies     insulin independence     age of diagnosis    

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A case of big substernal goiter resection

SONG Jiangping, LIAO Hongying, YU Chao, ZHANG Jian, Li Yun, GU Lijia

Frontiers of Medicine 2008, Volume 2, Issue 4,   Pages 410-413 doi: 10.1007/s11684-008-0079-x

Abstract: Substernal goiter is considered to be a diagnostic differential for all anterosuperior mediastinal masses. For a substernal goiter, surgical removal is suggested when it is large in size, with a possibility for malignancy or has local compression of adjacent structures. This can be performed through the neck or by the addition of a partial or complete sternotomy if necessary. A 58-year-old Chinese man from Guangdong Province had had dry cough for a year. A subsequent CT scan in our hospital suggested “ectopic intrathoracic thyroid”. Fine needle percutaneous mass biopsy also suggested “ectopic intrathoracic thyroid”. We performed a standard median sternotomy to remove the mass. It measured 13 cm × 8 cm × 6 cm in size, and weighed 2.8 kg. The pathological diagnosis confirmed a benign thyroid adenoma. The patient had no hoarseness, dyspnea or hypocalcemia and was quickly extubated in the operating room. Recently, we encountered a big substernal goiter and had performed successful resection, which is reported here for reference.

Keywords： percutaneous     diagnostic differential     necessary     compression     intrathoracic    

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Dynamic fate modeling of γ-hexachlorocyclohexane in the lower reaches of the Liao River

LIU Zhenyu, YANG Fenglin, QUAN Xie, ZHANG Xiaohong

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2007, Volume 1, Issue 2,   Pages 166-171 doi: 10.1007/s11783-007-0029-x

Abstract: temperature is parameterized to describe the long-term fate of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in the LiaoThis model is used to simulate the fate of γ-hexachlorocyclohexane (γ-HCH) in the lower reaches of the Liaois evaluated by comparing the predicted and observed concentrations in the water and sediment of the LiaoIt is believed that the model is appropriate for simulating the long term fate of POPs in the Liao River

Keywords： coefficient     POPs     temperature     sediment increase     dependent    

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Patterned wafer bonding using ultraviolet adhesive

Rui ZHUO, Guanglan LIAO, Wenliang LIU, Lei NIE, Tielin SHI

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2011, Volume 6, Issue 2,   Pages 214-218 doi: 10.1007/s11465-011-0130-5

Abstract:

The process of patterned wafer bonding using ultraviolet (UV) adhesive as the intermediate layer was studied. By presetting the UV adhesive guide-layer, controlling the thickness of the intermediate layer (1– 1.5 μm), appropriate pre-drying temperature (60°C), and predrying time (6 min), we obtained the intermediate layer bonding of patterned quartz/quartz. Experimental results indicate that patterned wafer bonding using UV adhesive is achieved under room temperature. The process also has advantages of easy operation, low cost, and no plugging or leakage in the patterned area after bonding. Using the process, a microfluidic chip for red blood cell counting was designed and fabricated. Patterned wafer bonding using UV adhesive will have great potential in the fabrication of microfluidic chips.

Keywords： ultraviolet (UV) adhesive     intermediate layer     patterned wafer bonding    

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Experimental study on working parameters of earth pressure balance shield machine tunneling in soft ground

ZHU Hehua, LIAO Shaoming, XU Qianwei, ZHENG Qizhen

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2008, Volume 2, Issue 4,   Pages 350-358 doi: 10.1007/s11709-008-0051-5

Abstract: Deep sedimentary deposits of soft clays are widely distributed in coastal areas as well as many interior major cities in China. In order to study the stratum adaptability of earth pressure balance (EPB) shield machine tunneling in such types of soft ground, model tests of tunneling excavation, using the running tunnel of the Shanghai Metro Line M8 as a background, are carried out with different over burden ratios, opening rates of cutter head, driving speeds and rotation speeds of screw conveyor. Based on the test results, the interrelationships between chamber pressure and mucking efficiency, mucking rate and driving speed, thrust force and torque are obtained. The influences of tunnel depth, opening rate of cutter head and driving speed on thrust force and torque are revealed. Such findings can not only facilitate establishing relationships between shield working parameters and soil properties, but also serve as a guide for the design and construction of shield tunnel in soft ground.

Keywords： construction     different     coastal     conveyor     excavation    

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CuO/zeolite catalyzed oxidation of gaseous toluene under microwave heating

Longli BO, Jianbo LIAO, Yucai ZHANG, Xiaohui WANG, Quan YANG

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2013, Volume 7, Issue 3,   Pages 395-402 doi: 10.1007/s11783-012-0417-8

Abstract: The development of a combined process of catalytic oxidation and microwave heating for treatment of toluene waste gas was described in this work. Toluene, a typical toxic volatile organic compound, was oxidized through a fixed bed reaction chamber containing zeolite-supported copper oxide (CuO/zeolite) catalyst mixed with silicon carbide (SiC), an excellent microwave-absorbing material. The target compound was efficiently degraded on the surface of the catalyst at high reaction temperature achieved by microwave-heated SiC. A set of experimental parameters, such as microwave power, air flow and the loading size of CuO etc., were investigated, respectively. The study demonstrated these parameters had critical impact on toluene degradation. Under optimal condition, 92% toluene was removed by this combined process, corresponding to an 80%–90% TOC removal rate. Furthermore, the catalyst was highly stable even after eight consecutive 6-h runs. At last, a hypothetical degradation pathway of toluene was proposed based on the experimental data obtained from gas chromatography-mass spectrum and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analyses.

Keywords： microwave     catalytic oxidation     CuO/zeolite catalyst     silicon carbide (SiC)     toluene    

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Two-echelon Emergency Response Problem and Simulation Considering Secondary Disasters

Han-peng Zhang,Yi Liao,Hui-xia Luo

Frontiers of Engineering Management 2014, Volume 1, Issue 3,   Pages 318-321 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2014042

Abstract: It is necessary for subsequent resource distribution planning that get expected relief time considering secondary disasters after natural disaster. The goal of this research is to develop a two-echelon emergency resource distribution model under condition of secondary disasters. Taking minimal maximize relief time as criterion of relief performance, we developed response strategies and simulation model to get the expected value. Numerical studies of this paper presented the result of response strategies.

Keywords： simulation     secondary disasters     two-echelon vehicle routing model    

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Realization of energy-saving glass using photonic crystals

Yen-Hsiang CHEN, Li-Hung LIAO, Yu-Bin CHEN

Frontiers in Energy 2018, Volume 12, Issue 1,   Pages 178-184 doi: 10.1007/s11708-018-0523-9

Abstract: This work successfully developed an energy-saving glass with wavelength selectivity. The glass is composed of a SiO substrate and two layers of three-dimensional photonic crystals. Each crystal is composed of identical and transparent polystyrene spheres after their self-assembling. The glass then possesses dual photonic band gaps in the near-infrared region to suppress penetration of thermal radiation. Experimental results show that the energy-saving glass decreases temperature increment in a mini-house. Moreover, the temperature after thermal equilibrium is lower than that inside a counterpart using ordinary glass.

Keywords： energy-saving glass     photonic crystals     polystyrene spheres     self-assembly    

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Application of blockchain in the field of intelligent manufacturing: Theoretical basis, realistic plights, and development suggestions

Qiang ZHANG, Baoyu LIAO, Shanlin YANG

Frontiers of Engineering Management 2020, Volume 7, Issue 4,   Pages 578-591 doi: 10.1007/s42524-020-0137-x

Abstract: Blockchain technology is considered one of the promising technologies of the information technology era. The core features of blockchain, such as decentralization, transparency, high security, and tamper-proof nature, bring great convenience for large-scale social cooperation and data sharing. Blockchain has a broad application prospect in the field of intelligent manufacturing. The key issues of this field, such as distributed collaborative production, industrial big data sharing and security, transparent logistics, and supply chain, are naturally consistent with the core characteristics of the blockchain technology. This study aims to analyze the application of blockchain in the field of intelligent manufacturing. First, we introduce the basic connotation and applications of blockchain. Then, we propose the theoretical basis for the application of blockchain in the field of intelligent manufacturing. Finally, we point out the realistic plights and provide some suggestions to promote the application of blockchain in the field of intelligent manufacturing.

Keywords： blockchain technology     intelligent manufacturing     networked collaborative manufacturing     full life-cycle management     manufacturing model innovation    

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Title Author Date Type Operation

The Scientific Method and Introspection of PlagueHistory Research

Fu Youfeng

Journal Article

The development of pollution control technology in coal combustion in China

XU Xuchang, ZHANG Hu, ZHUO Yuqun, TONG Huiling, WANG Shujuan, LI Yan

Journal Article

Feasibility study on simultaneous removal of sulfur and trace selenium in the MTD-FGD reactor

LI Yuzhong, TONG Huiling, ZHUO Yuqun, LI Yan, CHEN Changhe, XU Xuchang

Journal Article

Multi-scale evaluation of river health in Liao River Basin, China

Fei XU, Yanwei ZHAO, Zhifeng YANG, Yuan ZHANG

Journal Article

Grazing incidence polarized light imaging of footwear prints

Xin-yi Bi, Rui-fang Han, Ran Liao, Wu-sheng Feng, Da Li, Xue-jie Zhang, Hui Ma,liao.ran@sz.tsinghua.edu.cn

Journal Article

Experimental study of the influence of acid wash on cellulose pyrolysis

WANG Shurong, LIU Qian, LUO Zhongyang, CEN Kefa, LIAO Yanfen

Journal Article

Diagnostic criteria of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA): a review and reflection

Yu Liao, Yufei Xiang, Zhiguang Zhou

Journal Article

A case of big substernal goiter resection

SONG Jiangping, LIAO Hongying, YU Chao, ZHANG Jian, Li Yun, GU Lijia

Journal Article

Dynamic fate modeling of γ-hexachlorocyclohexane in the lower reaches of the Liao River

LIU Zhenyu, YANG Fenglin, QUAN Xie, ZHANG Xiaohong

Journal Article

Patterned wafer bonding using ultraviolet adhesive

Rui ZHUO, Guanglan LIAO, Wenliang LIU, Lei NIE, Tielin SHI

Journal Article

Experimental study on working parameters of earth pressure balance shield machine tunneling in soft ground

ZHU Hehua, LIAO Shaoming, XU Qianwei, ZHENG Qizhen

Journal Article

CuO/zeolite catalyzed oxidation of gaseous toluene under microwave heating

Longli BO, Jianbo LIAO, Yucai ZHANG, Xiaohui WANG, Quan YANG

Journal Article

Two-echelon Emergency Response Problem and Simulation Considering Secondary Disasters

Han-peng Zhang,Yi Liao,Hui-xia Luo

Journal Article

Realization of energy-saving glass using photonic crystals

Yen-Hsiang CHEN, Li-Hung LIAO, Yu-Bin CHEN

Journal Article

Application of blockchain in the field of intelligent manufacturing: Theoretical basis, realistic plights, and development suggestions

Qiang ZHANG, Baoyu LIAO, Shanlin YANG

Journal Article